Cribbing for shore-protecting systems



March 4 1924 W. H. EVERS CRIBBING FOR SHORE PROTECTING SYSTEMS s Sheets-Sheet" 1 Original Filed Jan. s 1922 //v1/4-/v7'0A MANN/157E135 ATTORNEY March 4 1924.

w. H. EVERS CRIBBING FOR SHORE PROTECTING SYSTEMS Original il an- 5; 1922 s Sheets-Sheet 2f March 4 1924 1,485,381

' w H. EVERS CRIBBING FOR SHORE PROTECTING SYSTEMS Original Filed 5. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet a WI I [III II 1mm Patented ar. 4, 1924.

WILLIAM H. EVEBS, F CLEVELAND OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-THIRD TO 'WIL E.

PEASE AND ONE-THIRD TO NOAH H. SULOFF, 0F CLEVELAND, QEIIO.

CRIBBING FOR SHORE-PROTECTING SYSTEMS.

Original application filed January 8, 1922, Serial No. 526,548. Divided and this application flied August 7, 1922. Serial No. 580,046.

To all whom iii/may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. Evans, a citizen of the United States, resident of Cleveland, county of' Cuyahoga, and State of Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in Cribbing fonShore Protecting Systems, of which the following is a specification, the principle of the inventlon being herein explained and the best mode in which I have contemplated applying that principle, so as to distinguish it from other inventions.

This application constitutes a division of my pending application Serial 'No. 526,548, shore protecting systems, 1922.

My present inventionrelates to a cribbing structure for use in shore protecting systems, breakwater jettiesor the like, its 0b- 20. ject being to provide a cribbing or crib work structure which will be economical of construction and efiicient in the performanceof its function.

The said lnventlon consists of meanshere- 2 inafter fully described and particularlyset forth in the claims.

More specifically, my invention consists of a cribbing or crib work structure so arranged as to present a solid face to incoming waves in connection with means for largelydestroying the force of such waves before they strike said face. w The said invention furthermore consists of a cribbing or crib work structure built of cross courses of beams, preferably reinforced concrete H beams.

The annexed drawings and the following description set forth in detail certaingneans embodying my invention, the disclosed means, however, constituting but one of the various mechanical forms in which the principle of the inventionmay be employed.

In said annexed drawings:

Fig. 1 represents a plan of one of the cribbing breakwater or jetty units.

Fig. 2 represents a perspective view, upon an enlar ed scale, showing the lower portion ,of t he seaward corner of one of the cribbing or crib workuni Y filed January 3,

. posed between superposed solid wall of the cribbing or crib work.

" forced concrete Fig. 3 represents a rear elevation of-one of the units viewed from the plane indicated by line III-J11, in Fig, 1.-

Fig. 4 represents an oblique side elevation of one of the units, plane indicated by line IV-IV in Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 represents a perspective view, upon an enlarged scale, ofv a lower rear corner of'one oi the cribbing or crib Work units as viewed from the exterior.

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 represent respectively, a side elevation, Ian and" section of one of the concrete Hi or crib work units.

Figs. 9, 10 and 11 represent respectively, an end elevation, a sideelevation andv a top plan of the header block which isused to reiniorce the open crib work intermediately of its corners.

FigsL'12. and 13 represent respectively, a side and end elevation, of a ositioner intereams and the Figs. tion and one of thezcorner base beams;

, Figs. 16 and 17 represent respectively, a plan and. a side elevation of an interlocker Or lthe cross beams in the cribbing or crib wor Hand represent aside eleva- .Fig. 18 re resents a section taken u on the planein icated by line'XVIII-X II of Fig. 16. v

The illustrated embodiment of my invention comprises a structure built of rein- H beams ,9 which form two converging open work combing walls 7 and 8 and a solid rear wall wall 6 the beams 9 areplaced one on top of the other with their webs horizontal and the flanges of one resting on the flanges of the beam therebeneath,and withthe ends of alternate beams staggered to provide spaces for the ends of the beamsof the wave combing walls as clearly shown in Figs. 3 and 5. To interlock the super osed beams 01. the wall 6, short positioner blocks 13 of reinforced concrete which fit within the op posed channels of the superposed beams are 6. In the solid rear viewed from the cams used in the cribbing transverse section respectively, of

first wave combing wall.

interposed at suitable intervals between each pair of superposed beams from the bottom to the top of the wall 6. The beams of the side walls are positioned with their webs horizontal and with their rear ends positioned between the ends of alternate beams in the wall 6 in spaces provided by the staggered arrangement of the beams in said wall. The beams of one of the wave combing walls are thuspositioned in the same plane as alternate beams in the wall 6 and the beams of the other wave combing wall are positioned in the plane of the alternate beams positioned between the beams of the The two courses of spaced beams forming the wave combing walls intersect at the forward ends of the beams with the beams of one wall alternating with those of the other wall. The beams of the wave combing walls 7 and 8 are interlocked with each other at the intersection of said walls and with the beams of interlock -v1ded headers, com

.24 lying against the webs of the the solid wall 6 by means of interlockers consisting of reinforced concrete X blocks l'having upper and lower crossed legs 15 and 16 adapted to fit within the channels of the superposed crossed beams. The corners of the triangular crib-work units rest on shortbase beams 17 which are short sections of reinforced concrete H beams of the same size as the beams 9. The base beams 17 are arranged with their webs horizontal beneath the lowermost beam at each of the corners and interlocked with the H beam resting directly thereon by means of interlockers 14. Each of the beams 9 has an aperture 18 centrally through the web adjacent each end thereof and each ofthe interlockers 14 has an-axial aperture 20 which is positioned in registry with the apertures 18 of the H beams which'it engages. The base beam 17 .has a central aperture 21 which registers with the aperture 20 of its interlocker 14. A tie bolt 22 extends vertically through the aperture 18 of the beams, 20 of the interlockers and 21 of the base beam at each of the three corners "of the unit. The ends of the tie bolts 22 are threaded to receive nuts 23 which are tightened against anchor plates uppermost beams and of the base beams 17. The location of the endsof the tie bolts'in the channels of the-uppermost and lowermost beams makes it convenient to cover the projecting ends thereof with concrete. The entire bolt together with the projecting ends and anchor plates should be grouted in, preferably with a mixture of one part Portland cement to two parts of clean fine sand.

,To provide the necessary support for theintermediate portions of the spaced H beams in the open-work walls and to more rigidly the beams of said walls, 1 have proinforced concrete locks 25 having integral adapted to rising short H shaped remas er the upper and lower faces thereof and adapted to fit within the opposed channels of the spaced beams. The headers 25 serve to hold the side wall beams in vertical alinement and to support the beams intermediate their ends. 1

The cribwork units 4 are preferably set upon brush mats 28 as shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4:. The short supporting beams 17 at the corners of the structure sink into the matting or soil and serve to anchor the units in position. If found desirable the units may be weighted down by piling rip ra stone or sacked cement within them. Suc material, however, should not be piled high enough against the open-work walls 7 and 8 to interfere with the wave combing action thereof.

By means of the above described structure, wherein two converging open-work combing walls are provided, together with a rear solid wall, the force'of the waves is broken by said combing before it reaches such solid wall, thereby permitting the structure to more efiiciently withstand forces of such waves.

An advantage of the triangular construction of the breakwater units is that the apic'es of these triangular units on the seaward side serve to break up floating cakes of ice1 and prevent damage to the breakwater wa What I claim is:

1. A wave resisting structure, comprising crossed concrete H beams, said beams being arranged with the webs thereof horizontal; an interlocker between the superposed beams at the intersection thereof, comprising a block having integral upper and lower crossed portlons adapted to fit within the channels of said superposed crossed beams, and means extending substantially from top to bottom of the structure and passing in common through the beams and blocks.

2. A wave resisting structure, comprising opposed courses of concrete Hi beams, the

beams in each course being disposed in vertical alinement and positioned with their webs horizontal; interlockers between the superposed beams of the courses at the intersection thereof comprising blocks having integral upper and lower crossed portions fit within the channels of superosed crossed beams; and tie bolts extending 'rom the top to bottom of crossing courses of beams and passing through the webs of said beams and said interlockers.

3. A wave resisting structure, comprising crossed courses of concrete H beams, said beams being arranged with the webs thereof horizontal; interlockers between the superposed beams at the intersections thereof com= prising blocks having integral upper and the channels of said superposed crossed angular cribwork of beams; and a tie bolt passing through the webs of said beams and said interlockers, said tie bolt being entirely embedded in concrete.

4. A wave resisting structure comprising spaced solid walls; and cribwork wave comb ing structures extending outwardly from said walls, some of the beams of said cribwork projecting throu h said walls into the space between said wa ls.

5. A wave resisting unit, comprising a triangular structure having one wall solid and the other two walls of open-work construction.

6. A wave resisting unit, comprising a triangular cribwork of crossed beams, one Wall thereof being solid and the other two walls each consisting of a course of vertically spaced beams extending from adjacent the ends of said solid wall, the two courses intersecting adjacent the outer ends thereof.

wave resisting unit comprising a tri crossed beams, one wall thereof being solid and the other two walls each COIISlSlZIII of a course of vertically spaced beams interlocked at one end thereof with said solid wall adjacent the ends thereof, said courses intersecting adjacent the outer ends thereof and interlocked at the crossing points of the beams thereof.

8 In a wave resisting unit, the combination with a solid wall; of an open cribwork wave combing structure consisting of crossed courses of beams, the ends ofthe beams in certain of said courses being rigidly interlocked with said wall; means for rigidly interlocking said courses together at their intersections; and headers interposed between the spaced beams of each course to reinforce the open portions of said cribwork.

9. A wave resisting unit, comprising a triangular cribwork of crossed beams of substantially equal length, one wall of said cribwork consisting of eams'laid one on top of another to form a solid wall, said beams in said solid wall being laid with the ends of alternate beams pro ecting beyond intermediate beams to provide spaces for receiving the beams of the other two walls, said last mentioned walls each consisting of a course of beams spaced vertically apart a distance equal to the thickness of a beam, the rear end' of said beam being sitioned in the said spaces provided at t e ends of said solid wall, said two courses of beams intersectmg adjacent the forward ends thereof, the beams of one course alternating with the beams of the other course; means for interlocking said forwardly extending beams to said wall and 'means'for interlocking said courses of beams at their outer ends.

10. A wave resistin unit, comprising a triangular cribwork o crossed beams, one

7 wall of said cribwork consisting of beams of equal length laid one on top of the other with the ends of alternate beams projecting beyond the ends of intermediate beams, the other twowalls of said cribwork consisting of vertically spaced beams having their rear ends positioned between projecting ends of alternate beams in said solid wall and their forward ends crossed; short supportin beams at each of the bottom corners of sai' cribwork; and tie bolts extending from the top to the bottom of said structure and pass ing through the crossed superposed beams at said corners and anchored to said supporting beams.

11. A wave resisting unit comprising a triangular cribwork of crossed concrete H-beams of substantially equal length, one wall of the cribwork being formed of superposed beams laid one on top of the other with the flanges thereof edge to edge and arranged in staggered relation, the ends of alternate beams extending beyond the ends of intermediate beams, the other two walls consisting of vertically spaced beams interlocked at their ends with the projecting ends of the beams of said solid wall, the forward ends of the spaced beams of one of said walls fitting between and interlocked with the spaced beams of the other wall; means for interlocking the superposed beams of each of. said walls intermediate the ends thereof.

12. In a wave resisting unit, the combination with a solid wall; of an open cribwork of crossed courses of vertically spaced concrete H beams arranged with the webs thereof vertical, certain of said beams being rigidly interlocked with said wall; means for rigidly interlocking said courses at their intersections; and header blocks having end portions fitting within opposed channels of said vertically spaced beams-and an intermediate wider portion fitting between the opposed flanges of said spaced beams to form intermedlate reinforcing and interlocking means for said courses.

13. A wave resisting unit, comprising a solid wall consistin superposed with their flanges edge to edge, positioners interposed between said superposed beams and fitting withm the opposed channels thereof; courses of concrete H beams extending outwardly from said wall with the inner ends of the beams of each course interposed between alternate beams of said wall, 'the beams of said wall being arranged in staggered relation to provide openings to receive said outwardly extending beams; and means for interlocking said outwardly extending beams with said wall.

14. A wave resisting unit, comprising a solid wall consistin of concrete H beams, superposed with the r flanges arranged vertically ed e to edge; outwardly extending courses 0 concrete H beams having their flanges arranged vertically, the inner ends of the beams of each course being interposed of concrete H beams,

&

between alternate beams in said wall, the beams of the wall being staggered to provide openings to receive said outwardly extending beams; and tie bolts extending ver tically through the webs of alternate beams in said wall and the webs of the beams in said outwardly extending courses.

15. In a wave resisting structure; a Wall composed of concrete H beams superposed with their flanges edge to edge, and held in alinement by means of positioners fitting within the opposed channels of said beams.

16. In a wave resisting structure, a wall consisting of concrete H beams superposed with their flanges edge to edge positioners interposed between said superposed beains and fitted within the opposed channels thereof; and vertical tie bolts passing through the webs of said beams from the top to the bottom of said wall.

17. A Wave resisting unit'comprising a cribwork of crossed courses of concrete H beams, arranged with the webs thereof veranswer tical, said courses intersecting adjacent the ends of the beams thereof with the beams of one course alternating with those of the intersecting course; means for interlocking said crossed beams; and headers between the intermediate portions of spaced beams in certain of'said courses, said headers having upper and lower portions fitting within opposed channels in said beams and an intermediate portion fitting of the opposed flanges ofsaid beams.

18. A wave resisting unit, comprising a solid wall built up of H beams superposed with their flanges resting u on one another and disposed vertically an positioners interposed between said beams and fitting in the opposed channels thereof; and an open cribwork of crossed H beams interlocked with said wall and extending from one face thereof.

between the edges? Signed by me this 12th day of July, 1922.

WILLIAM H. Even s. 

